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Background: Salix tetrasperma Roxb. (Jalavetasa) family-Salicaceae is one among the traditionally used medicinal plant being used by the traditional healers for its multiple therapeutic indications. Present study reports a details pharmacognostic and preliminary physiochemical and phytochemical aspects of Salix tetrasperma stem bark. Material & Methods:  The stem bark sample was collected after proper authentication from Dehradun, Uttarakhand India. Macroscopic observations were made with naked eyes, microscopy, powder microscopy, physicochemical and qualitative analysis and HPTLC studies of stem bark were carried out by following API (Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India) recommended standard protocols. Results and Discussion: Stem bark was cylindrical, striated, greenish brown in color, measures 15-20 x 1.5-2 cm, odor aromatic, fracture fibrous with irregular surface. In microscopic study of Salix tetrasperma bark commonly known as the four-seeded willow, would typically involve examining thin sections of the bark under a microscope to observe its structural features. Diagrammatic T.S. of stem bark shows periderm, cortex, phloem, vascular cambium and xylem. In powder microscopy of Salix tetrasperma stem bark powder colour was light greenish yellow, odour aromatic; taste astringent & bitter; texture fibrous. Diagnostic powder character of stem bark shows vessels, tracheid, calcium oxalate, simple & compound starch grains. Qualitative phytochemical analysis of stem bark was carried out in ethanolic and aqueous extracts to identify the major chemical constituents. Which shows the presence of amino acid, protein phenolic compound, tannins in both aqueous and ethanolic extract. The TLC study of Salix tetrasperma ethanolic stem bark extract was scanned and R_f Value: 0.25, 0.54, 0.67, 0.78, 0.89 observed. HPTLC study of stem bark was done at 256 nm,366nm,512nm and was observed respectively 16 R_f value, 14 of R_f value and 24 of R_f value. Conclusion: The results obtained from pharmacognostical, phytochemical, physicochemical characteristic along with TLC & HPTLC studies are the diagnostic tool of S. tetrasperma plant and will help in standardization of the raw drug in terms of its quality, strength and purity.

KEYWORDS: HPTLC, Pharmacognostical, Phytochemical, TLC.